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Sodium Dichloroacetate (DCA) PDK remmer

Name: Sodium Dichloroacetate (DCA)
Brand: Selleck Chemicals
SKU: S8615
Rating: 5 (24 reviews)

Cat.Nr.: S8615

DCA (Sodium Dichloroacetate), een specifieke remmer van pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) met IC50-waarden van respectievelijk 183 en 80 μM voor PDK2 en PDK4, heeft aangetoond de Na⁺-K⁺-2Cl^- cotransporter en een mitochondriale kaliumionkanaal-as te dereprimeren. Sodium Dichloroacetate verhoogt de aanmaak van reactive oxygen species (ROS), activeert apoptose in kankercellen, en remt tumorgroei.

Sodium Dichloroacetate (DCA) Dehydrogenase Remmer Chemical Structure

Chemische structuur

Moleculair gewicht: 150.92

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Kwaliteitscontrole (Quality Control)

Batch: Zuiverheid: 99.90%

99.90

Gerelateerde doelwitten	HSP Transferase P450 (e.g. CYP17) PDE phosphatase PPAR Vitamin Carbohydrate Metabolism Mitochondrial Metabolism Casein Kinase
Overige Dehydrogenase Inhibitoren	Vorasidenib (AG-881) (R)-GNE-140 CPI-613 (Devimistat) Glycyrrhizin (Glycyrrhizic Acid, NSC 167409) AGI-6780 Emodin Gossypol Acetate AGI-5198 Brequinar (DUP785) NCT-503

Celkweek, behandeling & werkconcentratie
(Cell Culture, Treatment & Working Concentration)

Cellijnen	Assaytype	Concentratie	Incubatietijd	Activiteitsbeschrijving	PMID
MCF7	Function assay	10 mM	12 hrs	Inhibition of PDK1 in human MCF7 cells assessed as increase in oxygen consumption rate at 10 mM after 12 hrs	27006991
MCF7	Function assay	10 mM	12 hrs	Inhibition of PDK1 in human MCF7 cells assessed as decrease in extracellular acidification rate at 10 mM after 12 hrs	27006991
MCF7	Function assay	10 mM	12 hrs	Inhibition of PDK1 in human MCF7 cells assessed as decrease in proton production rate at 10 mM after 12 hrs	27006991
MCF7	Function assay	10 mM	12 hrs	Inhibition of PDK1 in human MCF7 cells assessed as increase in ratio of oxygen consumption rate to extracellular acidification rate at 10 mM after 12 hrs	27006991
MCF7	Function assay	10 mM	12 hrs	Inhibition of PDK1 in human MCF7 cells assessed as decrease in lactate production at 10 mM after 12 hrs	27006991
NCI-H1975	Antiproliferative assay	20 mM	72 hrs	Antiproliferative activity against human NCI-H1975 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability at 20 mM after 72 hrs by MTT assay	30470491
MCF7	Function assay		90 mins	Inhibition of PDK1 (unknown origin) expressed in human MCF7 cells using PDK tide as substrate measured after 90 mins in presence of ATP by ADP-Glo luminescent kinase assay	31509699
MCF7	Antitumor assay	30 mg/kg	two weeks	Antitumor activity against human MCF7 cells xenografted in BALB/c nude mouse assessed as tumor growth inhibition at 30 mg/kg, iv administered every two days for two weeks measured after 14 days	31509699
MCF7	Function assay	30 uM	4 hrs	Induction of metabolic reversal from aerobic glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation in human MCF7 cells assessed as increase in extracellular acidification rate at 30 uM pretreated for 4 hrs followed by glucose addition after 25 mins by seahorse XF24 ext	31509699
MCF7	Function assay	30 uM	4 hrs	Induction of metabolic reversal from aerobic glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation in human MCF7 cells assessed as increase in extracellular acidification rate at 30 uM pretreated for 4 hrs followed by glucose addition after 25 mins followed by subsequent assay	31509699
MCF7	Function assay	30 uM	4 hrs	Induction of metabolic reversal from aerobic glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation in human MCF7 cells assessed as decline in extracellular acidification rate at 30 uM pretreated for 4 hrs followed by glucose addition after 25 mins followed by subsequent assay	31509699
MCF7	Function assay	30 uM	6 hrs	Induction of metabolic reversal from aerobic glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation in human MCF7 cells assessed as decrease in oxygen consumption rate at 30 uM pretreated for 6 hrs followed by oligomycin A addition after 25 mins followed by subsequent assay	31509699
Klik om meer experimentele gegevens over de cellijn te bekijken

Chemische informatie, Opslag en Stabiliteit (Chemical Information, Storage & Stability)

Moleculair gewicht	150.92	Formule	C₂HCl₂O₂.Na	Opslag (Vanaf de ontvangstdatum)	3 jaar-20°Cpoeder
CAS-nr.	2156-56-1	SDF downloaden		Opslag van stamoplossingen	1 jaar-80°Cin oplosmiddel 1 maand-20°Cin oplosmiddel
Synoniemen	Dichloroacetic acid, bichloroacetic acid, BCA			Smiles	C(C(=O)[O-])(Cl)Cl.[Na+]

Oplosbaarheid (Solubility)

In vitro
Batch:

Molariteitscalculator

Massa	Concentratie	Volume	Moleculair gewicht
=	×	×

Verdunningscalculator Moleculair gewicht calculator

In vivo Batch:
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Clear solution	5%DMSO 1 40%PEG300 2 5%Tween80 3 50%ddH2O Gevalideerd door Selleck labs. Mocht u aanpassingen aan deze formulering nodig hebben, neem dan contact op met ons verkoopteam voor aangepaste tests.	0.500mg/ml (3.31mM)	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 50 μL of 10 mg/ml clarified DMSO stock solution to 400 μL of PEG300, mix evenly to clarify it; add 50 μL of Tween80 to the above system, mix evenly to clarify; then continue to add 500 μL of ddH2O to adjust the volume to 1 mL. The mixed solution should be used immediately for optimal results.

In vivo Formuleringscalculator (Heldere oplossing)

Stap 1: Voer de onderstaande informatie in (Aanbevolen: Een extra dier voor het geval van verlies tijdens het experiment)

Dosering: mg/kg Gemiddeld gewicht van dieren: g Doseervolume per dier:μL Aantal dieren:

Stap 2: Voer de in vivo formulering in (Dit is alleen de calculator, geen formulering. Neem eerst contact met ons op als er geen in vivo formulering is in het gedeelte Oplosbaarheid.)

% DMSO + % + % Tween 80 + % ddH₂O

%DMSO+ %

Berekeningsresultaten:

Werkconcentratie: mg/ml;

Methode voor het bereiden van DMSO-mastervloeistof: mg geneesmiddel vooraf opgelost in μL DMSO ( Concentratie mastervloeistof mg/mL, Neem eerst contact met ons op als de concentratie de DMSO-oplosbaarheid van de partij geneesmiddel overschrijdt. )

Methode voor het bereiden van in vivo formulering: Neem μL DMSO mastervloeistof, voeg vervolgens toeμL PEG300, mengen en helder maken, voeg vervolgens toeμL Tween 80, mengen en helder maken, voeg vervolgens toe μL ddH₂O, mengen en helder maken.

Methode voor het bereiden van in vivo formulering: Neem μL DMSO mastervloeistof, voeg vervolgens toe μL Maïsolie, mengen en helder maken.

Opmerking: 1. Zorg ervoor dat de vloeistof helder is voordat u het volgende oplosmiddel toevoegt.
2. Zorg ervoor dat u het/de oplosmiddel(en) in de juiste volgorde toevoegt. U moet ervoor zorgen dat de verkregen oplossing, bij de vorige toevoeging, een heldere oplossing is voordat u verdergaat met het toevoegen van het volgende oplosmiddel. Fysische methoden zoals vortexen, echografie of een warmwaterbad kunnen worden gebruikt om het oplossen te bevorderen.

Werkingsmechanisme (Mechanism of Action)

Targets/IC₅₀/Ki	PDK4 (Cell-free assay) 80 μM PDK2 (Cell-free assay) 183 μM
In vitro	Sodium Dichloroacetate (DCA) can trigger apoptosis of human lung, breast and brain cancer cells. After treatment with this compound, cancer cells show increased levels of ROS, depolarization of the MMP in vitro and increased apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo. It inhibits the activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK), thereby stimulating the mitochondrial enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH). When turned off, PDH no longer converts pyruvate to acetyl-CoA required for mitochondrial respiration and glucose dependent oxidative phosphorylation. DCA thus shifts cellular metabolism from glycolysis to glucose oxidation, decreasing the mitochondrial membrane potential gradient and helping to open mitochondrial transition pores. This metabolic switch facilitates translocation of pro-apoptotic mediators like cytochrome c (cyt c) and apoptosis inducing factor (AIF), both of which stimulate apoptosis. Thereby, it drives cancer cells to commit suicide by apoptosis.
In vivo	Sodium Dichloroacetate (DCA) can act as a cytostatic agent in vitro and in vivo, without causing apoptosis (programmed cell death). It is discovered to be a safe drug with no cardiac, pulmonary, renal or bone marrow toxicity. The most serious common side effect consists of peripheral neuropathy, which is reversible. This compound has anti-cancer activity in several cancer types including colon, prostate, ovarian, neuroblastoma, lung carcinoid, cervical, endometrial, cholangiocarcinoma, sarcoma and T-cell lymphoma. Other antineoplastic actions have also been suggested. These include angiogenesis blockade, changes in expression of HIF1-α, alteration of pH regulators V-ATPase and MCT1, and other cell survival regulators such as PUMA, GLUT1, Bcl2 and p53. It is able to significantly reduce metastatic burden in the lungs of rats in a highly metastatic in vivo model of breast cancer. In vivo the DCA-Na treatment induces 20% survival and decreased the tumoral diameter, volume and weight, without affect the body weight and avoid metastasis in C57BL/6 mice.
Referenties	[1] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27803917/ [2] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22093145/ [3] https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236982297 [4] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24356970/

Toepassingen (Applications)

Methoden	Biomarkers	Afbeeldingen	PMID
Western blot	pPDH E1α / PDH E1α		25630799

Informatie klinische proef (Clinical Trial Information)

(gegevens van https://clinicaltrials.gov, bijgewerkt op 2025-12-29)

NCT-nummer	Rekrutering	Aandoeningen	Sponsor/Medewerkers	Startdatum	Fasen
NCT07296458	RECRUITING	Primary Biliary Cholangitis (PBC)	Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases	2025-12-15	PHASE3
NCT07378761	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Immune-Mediated Cholestasis	University Hospital, Montpellier	2026-12	PHASE2
NCT06591468	ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION	Primary Biliary Cholangitis (PBC)	Han Ying	2024-10-30	PHASE2; PHASE3
NCT06656780	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Stress, Psychological	The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston	2025-08-31
NCT07273734	NOT_YET_RECRUITING	Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE); TIPS	West China Hospital	2026-01-01
NCT06294847	RECRUITING	Retinal Detachment	Hopital Foch	2024-08-20	PHASE3

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